Peer-Reviewed Research

The science of
cold water therapy.

Every claim backed by peer-reviewed research. No pseudoscience. Just the data.

01The Evidence
Norepinephrine increase

5× spike in norepinephrine — alertness, focus, elevated mood — lasting hours.

Kunutsor et al., GeroScience 2024

250%
Dopamine spike lasting hours

250% sustained dopamine increase — lasts hours, not minutes.

Huberman Lab / Søberg et al., Cell Metabolism 2021

86%
Of elite athletes use cold therapy

86% of elite athletes use cold water immersion as standard recovery protocol.

Springer, Sport Sciences 2022

Faster recovery post-exercise

Significantly reduces DOMS and accelerates recovery vs passive rest.

Note: Avoid within 6 hours of strength training — may reduce hypertrophy adaptations.

Nye et al., 2016

VP-1 Pod ice bath
↓40%
Reduction in inflammatory markers

Reduces IL-6, CRP, and pro-inflammatory cytokines — blunting the cascade linked to injury risk.

Ihsan et al., Front. Physiology 2016; Leeder et al., 2012

Increase in metabolic rate via BAT

Activates brown adipose tissue (BAT) — increases BAT density, improving insulin sensitivity and body composition.

Cypess et al., NEJM 2009; Søberg et al., Cell Metabolism 2021

+34%
Increase in NK cell activity

Elevates NK cell count and white blood cell activity — fewer sick days.

Janský et al., Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996; Kox et al., PNAS 2014

↑SWS
Deeper, higher-quality sleep

Increases slow-wave sleep duration and overnight HRV.

Nédélec et al., Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 2013, 2015

5 min
Delivers measurable mood lift

Five minutes produces measurable improvements in mood, anxiety, and energy.

PMC9953392, 2024

VP-1 Pro Chiller
↓RHR
Lower resting heart rate over time

Reduces RHR and improves HRV — cold strengthens vagal tone and autonomic regulation.

Bleakley et al., British Journal of Sports Medicine 2012; Mourot et al., 2018

↑β-end
Natural painkiller release — endorphins

Triggers beta-endorphin release — reduces pain, elevates mood, drives the "post-plunge high."

Rymaszewska et al., Psychiatria Polska 2008; van Tulleken et al., BMJ Case Reports 2018

HSP+
Hormesis: stress that makes you stronger

Upregulates cellular repair via heat shock proteins and autophagy — slower ageing markers, greater resilience.

Calabrese & Mattson, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 2011; Melling et al., 2020

+VO₂
Improved aerobic performance and recovery

Accelerates glycogen resynthesis and reduces CK/LDH markers — 8-week protocols show sustained VO₂ max gains.

Pointon et al., Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 2012; Broatch et al., AJSM 2014

02Optimal Protocol
Duration
2–5 min

11 minutes per week is sufficient for measurable results

Frequency
2–4×/week

Regular immersion outperforms occasional ice baths

Best time
Morning

Amplifies the norepinephrine and dopamine response

Safety notes
If you have a pre-existing medical condition, consult your doctor before starting cold therapy
Build up session length gradually — start at 2 minutes, not 10
Avoid cold immersion immediately after heavy strength training to preserve muscle adaptation

Now you know the why.
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